Study with our free HESI Exit Exam Questions, Qbank Test 6. The questions include answers and detailed explanations. HESI Exit nursing topics focus on critical thinking, priorities of care, health promotion and maintenance, safe and effective care, and basic care and comfort, treatments and nursing management. Achieve your best grade on the HESI Exit Exam!
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HESI Exit Exam Questions, Qbank Test 7
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HESI Exit Question: You are caring for a 55-year-old patient who is scheduled to undergo an upper GI series. The patient is anxious and asks you about the procedure. What is the most appropriate explanation to provide to the patient?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
An upper GI series is a diagnostic procedure where the patient swallows a contrast material (barium) that helps visualize the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine. It is a non-invasive way to examine the upper gastrointestinal tract and can provide valuable information about the structure and function of these organs. This procedure does not involve surgery or the insertion of cameras or tubes through the mouth or nose.
HESI Exit Question: A patient with a history of gastrointestinal bleeding is scheduled for a lower GI series. What is the primary purpose of this procedure?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
A lower GI series, also known as a barium enema, is primarily used to examine the large intestine (colon) and rectum for abnormalities, such as polyps, tumors, or sources of gastrointestinal bleeding. It involves the administration of a contrast material (barium) into the rectum to make the colon visible on X-rays.
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HESI Exit Question: A patient has been scheduled for an upper GI series with fluoroscopy. What is the key advantage of using fluoroscopy during this procedure?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
Fluoroscopy is a real-time imaging technique that uses continuous X-rays to provide dynamic and detailed images of the esophagus and stomach during an upper GI series. It offers the advantage of visualizing the movement and function of these organs, making it especially useful for detecting motility disorders or other abnormalities that may not be apparent with static images.
HESI Exit Question: During a lower GI series, what position is the patient typically placed in for the procedure?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
During a lower GI series, the patient is typically placed in the left lateral decubitus position. This position allows for optimal filling of the colon with barium and helps visualize any abnormalities or areas of concern in the large intestine and rectum.
HESI Exit Question: What is the main purpose of a double-contrast upper GI series?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
A double-contrast upper GI series involves the use of both barium and gas (such as air or carbon dioxide) to provide better visualization of the stomach lining. This technique allows for a more detailed examination of the stomach’s mucosal lining and is especially useful for detecting conditions like ulcers or tumors in the stomach.
HESI Exit Question: A 30-year-old patient presents with a severe case of eczema characterized by redness, itching, and inflammation on various parts of the body. Which of the following medications is typically prescribed as a first-line treatment for eczema?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
Hydrocortisone cream is a common first-line treatment for eczema. It is a topical corticosteroid that helps reduce inflammation, itching, and redness associated with eczema. It is important to educate the patient on proper application techniques and potential side effects.
HESI Exit Question: A pediatric patient with eczema has not responded well to topical treatments. Which systemic medication is commonly used for moderate to severe eczema in children?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
Tacrolimus ointment is commonly used for moderate to severe eczema in pediatric patients when topical treatments have not been effective. It is a calcineurin inhibitor that helps suppress the immune response in the affected skin areas. Monitoring for side effects and educating the parents/caregivers about its proper use is essential.
HESI Exit Question: A pregnant patient with eczema is seeking treatment. Which topical medication is generally considered safe to use during pregnancy for eczema management?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
During pregnancy, it is generally recommended to avoid the use of medications with potential risks to the developing fetus. Emollients and moisturizers are considered safe for managing eczema during pregnancy, as they provide hydration and relief from dry skin without significant systemic absorption or side effects.
HESI Exit Question: A patient with eczema is concerned about potential side effects of using corticosteroid creams long-term. Which statement is true regarding the use of topical corticosteroids for eczema?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
Topical corticosteroids are effective in managing eczema symptoms, but prolonged and excessive use can lead to potential side effects, including skin thinning (atrophy), stretch marks, and increased susceptibility to skin infections. Patients should be educated on proper usage and advised to follow their healthcare provider’s recommendations for treatment duration.
HESI Exit Question: A patient has been prescribed a calcineurin inhibitor for their eczema. Which of the following medications belongs to this class and is commonly used for eczema treatment?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
Tacrolimus is a calcineurin inhibitor commonly used for the treatment of eczema. It works by modulating the immune response in the skin and reducing inflammation. This medication is often prescribed when other treatments have not been effective or when patients need an alternative to corticosteroids, especially in sensitive areas of the body.
HESI Exit Question: A patient with eczema is concerned about potential side effects of using corticosteroid creams long-term. Which statement is true regarding the use of topical corticosteroids for eczema?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
Topical corticosteroids are effective in managing eczema symptoms, but prolonged and excessive use can lead to potential side effects, including skin thinning (atrophy), stretch marks, and increased susceptibility to skin infections. Patients should be educated on proper usage and advised to follow their healthcare provider’s recommendations for treatment duration.
HESI Exit Question: A patient has been prescribed a calcineurin inhibitor for their eczema. Which of the following medications belongs to this class and is commonly used for eczema treatment?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
Tacrolimus is a calcineurin inhibitor commonly used for the treatment of eczema. It works by modulating the immune response in the skin and reducing inflammation. This medication is often prescribed when other treatments have not been effective or when patients need an alternative to corticosteroids, especially in sensitive areas of the body.
HESI Exit Question: A 5-year-old child presents with severe eczema characterized by red, itchy, and inflamed skin. The parents are concerned and seek advice on skincare. Which of the following measures is essential for managing eczema in children?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
Managing eczema in children requires a focus on skin hydration. Regular use of moisturizers and emollients helps maintain the skin’s moisture barrier, reducing itching and inflammation. It’s essential to avoid hot baths and harsh soaps, as they can worsen eczema. Alcohol-based hand sanitizers can be drying and should be used sparingly. Encouraging gentle skincare practices is key to managing eczema in children.
HESI Exit Question: A 5-year-old child presents with severe eczema characterized by red, itchy, and inflamed skin. The parents are concerned and seek advice on skincare. Which of the following measures is essential for managing eczema in children?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
Managing eczema in children requires a focus on skin hydration. Regular use of moisturizers and emollients helps maintain the skin’s moisture barrier, reducing itching and inflammation. It’s essential to avoid hot baths and harsh soaps, as they can worsen eczema. Alcohol-based hand sanitizers can be drying and should be used sparingly. Encouraging gentle skincare practices is key to managing eczema in children.
HESI Exit Question: A 7-year-old child with eczema has persistent itching, and their parents are looking for ways to minimize itching and discomfort. Which of the following strategies is most appropriate?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
Itching is a common symptom of eczema in children. Encouraging the child to keep their nails short and avoiding scratching is crucial to prevent skin damage and infection. Scented lotions may irritate the skin further, and hot water can exacerbate symptoms. Effective itch relief strategies should focus on moisturizing the skin and avoiding triggers that worsen itching.
HESI Exit Question: A 3-year-old child with eczema experiences a flare-up, and the parents are seeking advice on managing it. What is a recommended practice to alleviate symptoms during a flare-up?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
During a flare-up of eczema, it’s essential to consult a healthcare provider, typically a pediatrician or dermatologist, for appropriate treatment. They can prescribe medications or provide specific recommendations tailored to the child’s condition. Self-treatment with hydrocortisone cream without medical guidance may not be suitable, and hot compresses or excessive heat can worsen symptoms.
HESI Exit Question: A child with eczema is experiencing a skin infection on the affected areas. What should be the initial step in managing this situation?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
When a child with eczema develops a skin infection on the affected areas, seeking prompt medical attention is crucial. Infections in eczema can lead to serious complications and require evaluation by a healthcare provider. Continuing to apply moisturizers or using stronger corticosteroid creams without medical guidance may not effectively treat the infection and can worsen the condition.
HESI Exit Question: A 40-year-old patient presents with severe psoriasis, characterized by thick, red, and scaly patches on the skin. Which of the following is the most appropriate first-line treatment for managing psoriasis?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
Topical corticosteroids are often used as the first-line treatment for managing psoriasis. They help reduce inflammation and itching associated with psoriasis plaques. Oral antibiotics and antifungal creams are not typically used for psoriasis management, and sunbathing without proper protection can worsen the condition. It’s important to consult a healthcare provider for a tailored treatment plan.
HESI Exit Question: A patient with psoriasis is concerned about the potential side effects of using topical corticosteroids for an extended period. What should the nurse advise regarding long-term use of topical corticosteroids for psoriasis?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
Long-term use of topical corticosteroids for psoriasis can lead to side effects, including skin thinning (atrophy) and the potential for rebound flares when discontinuing use. It is essential for healthcare providers to monitor patients and use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration necessary.
Explanation
The correct answer is:
Methotrexate is a commonly prescribed systemic medication for moderate to severe psoriasis. It helps reduce inflammation and suppress the immune response associated with psoriasis. Over-the-counter antihistamines and NSAIDs are not typically used for psoriasis treatment, and moisturizers alone are insufficient for managing moderate to severe cases.
HESI Exit Question: A patient with psoriasis is considering phototherapy as a treatment option. Which type of phototherapy is commonly used for psoriasis management?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
PUVA therapy, which combines psoralen (a photosensitizing medication) with ultraviolet A (UVA) light exposure, is commonly used for psoriasis management. It helps slow down skin cell growth and reduce inflammation. Tanning bed UV exposure and broad-spectrum sunlight exposure can be unsafe and worsen psoriasis. LED light therapy is not the primary treatment for moderate to severe cases.
HESI Exit Question: A patient with psoriasis is concerned about the impact of their diet on their condition. Which dietary recommendation should the nurse provide to manage psoriasis symptoms?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
A diet rich in anti-inflammatory foods such as fruits, vegetables, and fatty fish can help manage psoriasis symptoms. Red meat and processed foods can potentially worsen inflammation. Dairy product elimination is not necessary for everyone with psoriasis. Spicy foods are not a primary recommendation for psoriasis management.
HESI Exit Question: A 35-year-old patient with moderate-to-severe psoriasis has been prescribed a systemic medication. Which of the following systemic medications is considered a first-line treatment for psoriasis in adults?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
Methotrexate is considered a first-line systemic medication for moderate-to-severe psoriasis in adults. It works by suppressing the immune system’s overactivity that contributes to psoriasis symptoms. Acitretin is another systemic option but is typically used as a second-line treatment. Topical corticosteroids are more suitable for mild cases, and sunscreen is essential for photoprotection but not a systemic treatment for psoriasis.
HESI Exit Question: A 45-year-old patient with psoriasis is looking for a biologic medication option. Which of the following biologics is commonly prescribed for moderate-to-severe psoriasis?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
Infliximab is a biologic medication commonly prescribed for moderate-to-severe psoriasis. It works by targeting specific immune system components involved in the inflammatory process. Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and not a biologic. Over-the-counter creams are typically topical treatments. Regular exercise can be beneficial for overall health but is not a biologic medication.
HESI Exit Question: A 55-year-old patient with psoriasis has been prescribed a topical calcineurin inhibitor. Which of the following medications belongs to this class and is commonly used for psoriasis treatment?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
Tacrolimus is a topical calcineurin inhibitor commonly used for psoriasis treatment. It works by suppressing the immune response and reducing inflammation in the skin. Acitretin and methotrexate are systemic medications, not topical. Over-the-counter antihistamines are not typically used to treat psoriasis.
HESI Exit Question: A patient with psoriasis is considering phototherapy as a treatment option. Which type of phototherapy is commonly used for psoriasis management?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
PUVA therapy, which combines psoralen (a photosensitizing medication) with ultraviolet A (UVA) light exposure, is commonly used for psoriasis management. It helps slow down skin cell growth and reduce inflammation. Tanning bed UV exposure and broad-spectrum sunlight exposure can be unsafe and worsen psoriasis. LED light therapy is not the primary treatment for moderate to severe cases.Question 5:
HESI Exit Question: A patient with psoriasis is considering dietary modifications to manage their condition. Which dietary recommendation should the nurse provide to help manage psoriasis symptoms?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
A diet rich in anti-inflammatory foods such as fruits, vegetables, and fatty fish can help manage psoriasis symptoms. Red meat and processed foods can potentially worsen inflammation. Dairy product elimination is not necessary for everyone with psoriasis. Spicy foods are not a primary recommendation for psoriasis management.
HESI Exit Question: A 70-year-old patient with limited mobility has developed a pressure ulcer on their sacrum. Which of the following is the most appropriate stage classification for this pressure ulcer?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
A pressure ulcer on the sacrum of a patient with limited mobility is typically classified as Stage I. In this stage, the skin is intact but may appear red, discolored, or have warmth to the touch. It does not yet involve open sores or skin loss. Stages II, III, and IV involve varying degrees of skin and tissue damage, with Stage IV being the most severe, involving muscle and bone. Accurate staging is essential for appropriate wound care and prevention of further damage.
HESI Exit Question: An elderly patient with multiple comorbidities is at high risk for developing pressure ulcers. Which of the following is a key strategy for preventing pressure ulcers in this patient population?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
Prevention of pressure ulcers in elderly patients with multiple comorbidities involves frequent repositioning and pressure relief measures. Limiting fluid intake can lead to dehydration and is not a pressure ulcer prevention strategy. Applying adhesive tape to vulnerable skin areas can cause skin damage. Encouraging prolonged sitting increases the risk of pressure ulcers; thus, regular repositioning is crucial.
HESI Exit Question: A patient in a long-term care facility has a pressure ulcer on their heel. Which of the following dressings is most suitable for managing a pressure ulcer on the heel?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
Hydrocolloid dressings are often the most suitable choice for managing pressure ulcers on the heel. They provide a moist environment that supports wound healing and helps protect the area. Gauze and tape may not conform well to the contours of the heel, and transparent film dressings are more appropriate for shallow wounds. Leaving the wound undressed is generally not recommended for pressure ulcer management.
HESI Exit Question: A patient with a pressure ulcer is receiving nutritional support to promote wound healing. Which nutrient is essential for collagen synthesis and wound repair?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
Vitamin C is essential for collagen synthesis, a key component of wound repair. Sodium, caffeine, and processed sugars do not play a direct role in wound healing and may even have negative effects if consumed in excess. Adequate nutrition, including vitamin C, is crucial for patients with pressure ulcers to support the healing process.
HESI Exit Question: A patient with a pressure ulcer is prescribed a topical antibiotic ointment for wound care. What is the primary purpose of using a topical antibiotic ointment in pressure ulcer management?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
The primary purpose of using a topical antibiotic ointment in pressure ulcer management is to prevent or treat infection. It helps reduce the risk of bacterial contamination in the wound, which can slow down the healing process and lead to more severe complications. While maintaining a moist wound environment is essential, antibiotic ointments are primarily used for their antimicrobial properties.
HESI Exit Question: A 30-year-old patient presents with severe contact dermatitis characterized by redness, itching, and blisters on the hands due to exposure to an irritant. What is the most appropriate first-line topical medication for managing this acute dermatitis?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
Hydrocortisone cream is the most appropriate first-line topical medication for managing contact dermatitis. It contains a mild corticosteroid that helps reduce inflammation, itching, and redness associated with acute dermatitis. Oral antibiotics are not indicated for contact dermatitis unless there is an infection. Topical antifungal cream is used for fungal infections, not dermatitis. Daily sunblock application is essential for photoprotection but is not a treatment for dermatitis.
A patient is diagnosed with atopic dermatitis and is experiencing severe itching and inflammation. Which topical medication is commonly prescribed for managing atopic dermatitis symptoms?
Explanation
The correct answer is:
Hydrocortisone cream is commonly prescribed for managing atopic dermatitis symptoms such as itching and inflammation. It contains a mild corticosteroid that helps reduce the inflammatory response in the skin. Antibiotics and oral antifungal medications are not indicated for atopic dermatitis, and daily moisturizers, while important for skin hydration, may not provide sufficient relief from severe atopic dermatitis symptoms.
