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A 72-year-old male resident of a long-term care facility is suspected to have a urinary tract infection. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse anticipate as common in older adults with UTIs?
A) Fever and chills
B) Suprapubic tenderness
C) Hematuria
D) Confusion or altered mental status
LISTEN to the answer and explanation for Question 1. Click below.
A 45-year-old male presents to the emergency department with severe colicky right flank pain that radiates to the groin. He reports a history of similar episodes in the past. On examination, the nurse notes costovertebral angle tenderness on the right side. A urinalysis reveals the presence of hematuria. Which of the following interventions should the nurse anticipate?
A) Administering intravenous fluids
B) Initiating antibiotic therapy
C) Performing a renal biopsy
D) Administering over-the-counter pain medication
E) Arranging for lithotripsy
LISTEN to the answer and explanation for Question 2. Click below.
A 28-year-old female presents to the clinic with complaints of dysuria, frequent urination, and lower abdominal pain. She reports a history of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in the past. On urinalysis, leukocyte esterase and nitrites are positive. Based on these findings, what is the most appropriate nursing intervention?
A) Encouraging increased fluid intake
B) Initiating antibiotic therapy
C) Administering over-the-counter pain medication
D) Scheduling a renal ultrasound
LISTEN to the answer and explanation for Question 3. Click below.
A 62-year-old male with a history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus is admitted to the hospital with acute renal failure. The nurse assesses the patient and notes elevated blood pressure, generalized edema, and decreased urine output. Laboratory results reveal increased serum creatinine and decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Which of the following interventions should the nurse anticipate?
A) Administering loop diuretics
B) Initiating angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor therapy
C) Restricting dietary protein intake
D) Administering intravenous fluids
LISTEN to the answer and explanation for Question 4. Click below.
A 70-year-old male is diagnosed with acute renal failure and requires hemodialysis. The nurse is preparing to initiate hemodialysis and is explaining the procedure to the patient. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A) “I will need to restrict my fluid intake after hemodialysis.”
B) “Hemodialysis will cure my kidney disease completely.”
C) “I should take my regular medications before hemodialysis.”
D) “The dialysis machine will remove excess glucose from my blood.”
A 58-year-old male with chronic renal failure is scheduled for hemodialysis. The nurse is reviewing the patient’s laboratory results and notes a high potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L. Which of the following interventions should the nurse anticipate?
A) Administering intravenous calcium gluconate
B) Restricting dietary potassium intake
C) Initiating treatment with a loop diuretic
D) Administering sodium bicarbonate
E) Preparing to administer Kayexalate
A 45-year-old female is admitted to the hospital with acute renal failure secondary to sepsis. The nurse is monitoring the patient’s laboratory values and notes an increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level. Which of the following physiological processes primarily contributes to the elevation of BUN in acute renal failure?
A) Increased glomerular filtration rate
B) Enhanced tubular reabsorption of urea
C) Decreased production of urea by the liver
D) Impaired release of urea by the kidneys
A 30-year-old male with a history of kidney stones presents to the clinic for a follow-up visit. The nurse is discussing lifestyle modifications to prevent stone recurrence. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching?
A) “I should drink at least 2 liters of water per day.”
B) “I can continue my high-protein diet.”
C) “Taking vitamin C supplements can help prevent stone formation.”
D) “Regularly consuming carbonated beverages is beneficial.”
E) “Limiting my intake of citrus fruits is important.”