---

NCLEX Cardiac Questions

NCLEX Question 1. A patient is admitted to the emergency department with suspected myocardial infarction. In this patient, what laboratory result is diagnostic for myocardial infarction?
A. troponin
B. lactate
C. hemoglobin
D. myoglobin index

Pop Quiz NCLEX Question

@qbankproacademy

4000+ Free NCLEX QUESTIONS. Go to QBankProAcademy.com FREE Qbank questions for NCLEX RN, PN, HESI Exit, Med Surg, AANP, ANCC, and HesiA2. Practice questions, quizzes, and listen to the Free Podcast. In this video, we review a question on CARDDIOGENIC SHOCK nursing care. At QbankproAcademy.com our mission is to provide free QBanks, videos, and the most up to date test prep information for nurses. If you find our website helpful, please tell other aspiring nurses, nursing students, and professors. Please link to our site from your blogs, videos, and college websites, or share us on your favorite social media sites. Thank you for your support! Free nursing NCLEX 60-DAY CHALLENGE https://qbankpro.thinkific.com/courses/qbankpro-academy #nclexquestions #nursehumor #nursingquestions #aanpquestion qbank #ancc #nursingtestbank qbank

♬ original sound – QBank Pro Academy – QBank Pro Academy

NCLEX Question 2. The nurse is assessing a patient with bradycardia. What is the treatment for asymptomatic bradycardia?
A. Monitor the patient and document the vital signs in the record
B. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
C. Transcutaneous pacing
D. Digoxin

Transcutaneous Pacing Indications

NCLEX Question 3. A patient whose heart rate changes from 72 to 51 and blood pressure changes from 110/84 to 89/64 should be treated with? (Select all that apply)
A. Aspirin
B. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
C. Transcutaneous pacing
D. Atropine

Complications Of Myocardial Infarction

NCLEX Question 4. In a patient with a confirmed myocardial infarction with new onset decline in urinary output (80 cc in the last 8 hours) despite adequate fluid intake, the nurse should be concerned about? (Select all that apply)
A. Pulmonary embolism
B. Dehydration
C. Acute renal failure
D. The health care provider should be contacted

Nitroglycerin Drip Protocol For Hypertension

NCLEX Question 5. The nurse in the intensive care unit receives a patient from the operating room with nitroglycerin ordered. Administration of intravenous nitroglycerin requires __________. (Select all that apply)
A. Hourly arterial blood gas draws
B. Monitoring blood pressure
C. Transcutaneous pacing
D. An infusion pump

Adverse Effects Of Clopidogrel

NCLEX Question 6. The nurse is providing instructions about a patient’s discharge medication. What are adverse reactions of clopidogrel (Plavix)? (Select all that apply)
A. Jaundice
B. Bleeding (major and minor)
C. Agranulocytosis
D. Thrombocytopenic purpura

Answers to NCLEX Cardiac Questions

NCLEX Cardiac Questions

1. A
The correct answer is (A) troponin. Troponin is a biomarker of cardiac injury that is detected in the serum by a blood test when myocytes (heart cells) die. The combination of elevated troponin and evidence of clinical ischemia assist in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.
2. A
Sinus bradycardia or heart rate below 60 beats per minute may occur in athletes and some well-conditioned healthy individuals. In these individuals, in whom there is no cardiovascular compromise or hemodynamic consequences, healthcare providers generally will not initiate treatment.
3. C and D
Of the choices provided, C and D are the best answers. Atropine is a drug that increases heart rate. It is typically given intravenously, although there are other routes of administration. Transcutaneous pacing may be used for symptomatic bradyarrhythmias.
4. C and D
Acute myocardial infarction (MI) may result in low blood pressure and hypoperfusion of the kidneys. Acute renal injury and renal failure may occur. The health care provider should be contacted. Pulmonary embolism and dehydration are incorrect. Rule out (B) because the question states despite adequate fluid intake.
5. B and D
Nitroglycerin may be administered by several routes including oral, transdermal, sublingual and intravenously. When given intravenously care should be taken and this includes close monitoring of the blood pressure for hypotension and the use of an infusion pump.
6. B, C and D
Clopidogrel may be given to patients with myocardial infarction. It benefits these patient by reducing platelet aggregation. Risk factors that must be considered are increased bleeding and hypersensitivity reactions such cause hives and angioedema.
7. B
Murmurs occurring after myocardial infarction may indicate papillary muscle infarction and rupture. When this occurs, a new murmur may be heard. Patients may deteriorate suddenly with a change in vital signs. A, C and D do not typically present with a new murmur.

Mastering NCLEX Cardiac Questions: Strategies for Success

As nursing students prepare to conquer the NCLEX exam, mastering cardiac questions becomes crucial. The NCLEX is designed to assess a candidate’s competency to become a licensed nurse, and cardiac-related queries are frequently featured due to the prevalence of cardiovascular conditions in clinical practice. In this comprehensive guide, we will delve into effective strategies to tackle NCLEX cardiac questions with confidence.

Understanding Cardiac Concepts

Anatomy and Physiology Review

The cardiac system comprises intricate structures and functions vital for maintaining circulatory health. Understanding the heart’s anatomy, including its chambers, valves, and vessels, is fundamental. Moreover, grasping the physiology of cardiac conduction, blood flow dynamics, and the interplay of electrical impulses is essential for answering NCLEX questions accurately.

Common Cardiac Conditions

NCLEX questions often revolve around prevalent cardiac pathologies such as coronary artery disease (CAD), heart failure, arrhythmias, and valvular disorders. Comprehensive knowledge of these conditions, including etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, and treatment modalities, is imperative.

Diagnostic Tests and Procedures

Familiarity with diagnostic tests and procedures used to assess cardiac health is crucial. From electrocardiograms (ECG/EKG) to echocardiograms and cardiac catheterization, understanding the indications, interpretation, and nursing implications of these tests enhances clinical reasoning skills necessary for NCLEX success.

NCLEX-Style Question Strategies

Analyzing Question Types

NCLEX questions come in various formats, including multiple-choice, select-all-that-apply (SATA), and prioritization/delegation. Learning to discern question types and apply appropriate strategies is key to achieving a high score. For instance, prioritization questions require identifying the most urgent nursing intervention based on the client’s condition.

Breaking Down Stem and Options

Effective question analysis involves deconstructing the question stem and evaluating each option critically. Identifying keywords, recognizing distractors, and applying clinical judgment are essential. Utilizing strategies like the process of elimination and prioritizing interventions based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs can aid in selecting the correct response.

Utilizing Test-Taking Techniques

Developing effective test-taking techniques enhances performance on the NCLEX exam. Strategies such as strategic guessing, utilizing ABCs (Airway, Breathing, Circulation) in emergencies, and time management skills are invaluable. Practicing with NCLEX-style questions and reviewing rationale behind correct and incorrect answers strengthens critical thinking abilities.

Sample NCLEX Cardiac Questions

Multiple Choice Questions

Stem Analysis and Approach:
A client with a history of CAD presents to the emergency department complaining of chest pain. Which assessment finding requires immediate nursing action?

Select-All-That-Apply Questions

Select all nursing interventions appropriate for a client with heart failure exacerbation.
A: Administer oxygen therapy.
B: Monitor daily weights.
C: Restrict sodium intake.
D: Administer IV furosemide.
E: Teach the client diaphragmatic breathing exercises.

Prioritization and Delegation Questions

Determining Priority Interventions:
Prioritize nursing interventions for a client experiencing supraventricular tachycardia.
A: Administer adenosine as prescribed.
B: Prepare for synchronized cardioversion.
C: Assess for signs of hemodynamic instability.
D: Notify the healthcare provider of the client’s condition.

Test Preparation and Resources

Study Tips for Cardiac Content

Active learning strategies, including concept mapping, mnemonic devices, and peer teaching, enhance understanding and retention of cardiac concepts. Breaking down complex topics into manageable chunks facilitates comprehension and application during exam scenarios.

Recommended Resources

Accessing reputable textbooks, review guides, and online question banks is essential for comprehensive exam preparation. Platforms offering NCLEX-style practice questions with detailed rationales aid in assessing strengths and weaknesses and refining test-taking skills.

Time Management Techniques

Creating a structured study schedule that balances content review, practice questions, and self-care activities optimizes study efficiency. Setting realistic goals, prioritizing high-yield content, and allocating dedicated time for review sessions contribute to exam readiness.

Mastering NCLEX Cardiac Questions

Mastering NCLEX cardiac questions requires a solid understanding of cardiac concepts, effective test-taking strategies, and diligent preparation. By honing critical thinking skills, familiarizing oneself with NCLEX question formats, and utilizing appropriate resources, nursing students can approach cardiac-related inquiries with confidence and achieve success on the NCLEX exam. Remember, preparation is the key to unlocking success in your nursing journey.

Ace the NCLEX with Confidence in Cardiac Questions

Preparing for the NCLEX can be daunting, especially when it comes to mastering cardiac-related inquiries. However, with the right approach and resources, you can conquer these challenges and excel on exam day. Here’s how:

Comprehensive Content Mastery

By delving deep into the anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology of the cardiovascular system, you’ll build a strong foundation to tackle NCLEX cardiac questions with ease. Understanding common cardiac conditions and diagnostic tests empowers you to apply critical thinking skills in real-world scenarios.

Effective Test-Taking Strategies

Don’t underestimate the power of test-taking strategies. Learn to dissect question stems, identify key concepts, and apply strategic guessing techniques. Prioritization and delegation questions require a systematic approach based on clinical judgment, ensuring optimal patient outcomes.

Utilize High-Quality Resources

Accessing high-quality study materials and NCLEX practice questions tailored to cardiac content is essential. Online platforms offering comprehensive review guides, question banks, and simulated exams provide invaluable insights and opportunities for self-assessment.

Boost Confidence with Practice

Consistent practice builds confidence. Engage in regular review sessions, participate in study groups, and simulate exam conditions to familiarize yourself with the format and pacing of the NCLEX. Remember, repetition is key to reinforcing knowledge and refining test-taking skills.

Prioritize Self-Care

Maintain a healthy balance between study and self-care. Adequate rest, nutrition, and stress management techniques are essential for optimal cognitive function and exam performance. Don’t overlook the importance of relaxation and rejuvenation during your NCLEX preparation journey.

By implementing these strategies and investing in your preparation, you’ll approach NCLEX cardiac questions with confidence and competence. Embrace the challenge, stay focused, and trust in your abilities to succeed. With dedication and perseverance, you’re destined to ace the NCLEX and embark on a rewarding career in nursing.

Comprehensive Guide to Cardiac Labs

Elevated Troponin

Let’s begin by talking about the most important laboratory tests that we use for patients with cardiovascular disease. Troponin is the lab test that we use to diagnose cardiac injury. It is the most sensitive blood test that we have for evaluating if a patient has had cardiac injury, the normal range for troponin is 0 to 0.04 nanograms per milliliter or ng per ml. So, levels above 0.04 nanograms per milliliter suggest a myocardial (heart) cell injury.

CBC results

The second test that we use to evaluate patients with cardiovascular disease is the complete blood count or CBC. Importantly, we look at the hemoglobin and hematocrit levels and the white blood cell count. The white blood cell count is routinely used to indicate infection. For example, in patients with infective endocarditis, the patient’s white blood cell count is elevated. In other conditions, such as bone marrow suppression, the white blood cell count may decrease.

hyperlipidemia risk factors

Third, serum lipid levels are important. We know elevations in serum cholesterol, LDL, as well as elevations in triglycerides, are unhealthy. The HDL lipoproteins are regarded as good lipoproteins and we like the patient’s HDL to be greater than 40 in men and greater than 50 in women.

symptoms of electrolyte imbalance

The patient’s electrolytes, serum sodium, potassium, and calcium are all important. Low serum calcium levels can lead to abnormal ventricular rhythms, and even cardiac arrest. Low potassium levels can lead to dysrhythmias and can increase the risk for patients taking digoxin. High serum potassium levels can lead to cardiac arrest.

Beta natriuretic peptide

A blood test that is particularly important in patients with heart failure is the beta natriuretic factor or serum BNP level. An elevated BNP level suggests heart failure. The higher BNP the level, the more severe the cardiac disease and heart failure in that patient.

Imaging Studies

Moving away from blood tests, we consider imaging studies. The primary imaging study is the chest X-ray. Chest X-ray is very important and it may show an enlarged cardiac silhouette or cardiomegaly suggesting heart failure. We can also look at the shape of the heart to give us an indication of the pathology. In addition to X-rays, we have electrocardiography.

Electrocardiography

Electrocardiography or the EKG study shows the cardiac rhythm. It also shows abnormal cardiac rhythms or dysrhythmias. The EKG can also tell us about the location and the extent of myocardial infarction (MI) and cardiac enlargement. Careful inspection of the EKG may give us suggestions about electrolyte abnormalities in particular hyperkalemia, elevated serum potassium, and hypokalemia (low serum).

Holter monitor placement

The next test is the Holter monitor. A Holter monitor is similar to an EKG and it is non-invasive. It is placed on the patient’s chest (what we refer to as EKG leads), and over a period of 24 hours, while the patient performs normal activities, we are able to assess the patient for abnormal cardiac rhythms.

Echocardiogram prep

The next imaging study is the echocardiogram or echocardiography. Sometimes this is abbreviated as echo and echo is an imaging study using ultrasound. The ultrasound images show the shape of the heart and the moving heart or the beating heart in real-time. We are able to look at wall motion, heart defects, valve defects, and even measure the amount of blood that is ejected by the heart with each heartbeat or with each contraction.

There are two ways to do echocardiography. The least invasive is transthoracic echocardiography, which is done by moving the probe over the surface of the patient’s chest. The more invasive form of echocardiography is called transesophageal echocardiography. This is done as an endoscopic procedure, inserting the endoscope in the esophagus, allowing excellent images of the heart and the heart valves.

Stress Test Preparation

The next test is the stress test. The stress test is an EKG that is done while the patient is exercising. Usually, this is done on a treadmill. This is an excellent exam to evaluate for coronary artery disease. If the patient is unable to walk on a treadmill, this task can also be done by administering a chemical to stimulate the effect of exercise on the patient’s heart. Prior to this procedure, counsel patients not to consume caffeine and avoid smoking and tobacco products.

Electrophysiology study

Finally, the last test that we will talk about is the electrophysiology study. This is a test where stimulation is administered to the heart and this will induce an arrhythmia or a conduction defect. This is a very good way of establishing a diagnosis and determining treatment. This is an ambulatory study that is typically done by cardiologists.

Cardiac catheterization procedure

Finally, an invasive test is a cardiac catheterization. During cardiac catheterization, an IV will be placed typically in the groin. This allows for the administration of dye directly into the coronary arteries. It is one of the best tests for evaluating the degree of the pathology of the coronary arteries in the heart.

nursing care post cardiac catheterization

The role of the nurse in preparation for this procedure is important. These patients will be NPO before the procedure and consent will be obtained. Ensuring that the patient does not have any potential allergies to the dye is critical. After the procedure, the patient’s vital signs and cardiac rhythm will be monitored closely for at least two hours. Peripheral pulses of the extremity at the site of the catheter injection will be measured and documented. The injection site will be monitored for hematoma. Bleeding from the site is sometimes a problem and compression may be prescribed for a period of time to ensure that bleeding is no longer a risk.

PTCA nursing care plan

PTCA is considered non-surgical. During this cardiac catheterization, the patient may undergo PTCA. This is an interventional procedure. Cardiologists use a balloon to dilate the blood vessels. This opens the blood vessel and improves arterial flow in the coronary arteries. Sometimes patients will undergo stent placement during this procedure.

CABG post op care

In patients who are not improved by these noninvasive procedures, the patient may be scheduled for coronary artery bypass surgery, abbreviated C.A.B.G. The CABG is open heart surgery. It involves bypassing the patient’s own coronary vessels with an artery or a vein to improve circulation in the heart. In most hospitals, post-op CABG patients are admitted to the cardiac care ICU.

NCLEX-Style Questions