A 32-year-old patient with a history of multiple sclerosis (MS) is admitted to the hospital. The nurse notes increased muscle weakness, difficulty with coordination, and urinary incontinence. Which intervention is the nurse’s priority?
A) Administering an analgesic for pain relief
B) Facilitating a referral to a physical therapist
C) Providing assistance with activities of daily living (ADLs)
D) Monitoring and managing bladder function
E) Educating the patient on stress management techniques
Rationale: Bladder dysfunction is a common issue in patients with MS due to demyelination affecting neural pathways. Monitoring and managing bladder function are crucial to prevent complications such as urinary retention or incontinence. Educating the patient on strategies to maintain bladder health is essential for overall care in MS. Correct Answer: D) Monitoring and managing bladder function
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NCLEX Questions Critical Thinking: Multiple Sclerosis Symptoms
A 28-year-old patient diagnosed with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is prescribed immunomodulatory therapy. The nurse provides education about the medication. What information is essential for the patient to understand?
A) The importance of regular exercise in managing symptoms
B) The need for a low-sodium diet while on the medication
C) The potential for flu-like symptoms as a side effect
D) Taking the medication with a high-fat meal for better absorption
E) Avoiding exposure to sunlight during therapy
Rationale: Immunomodulatory therapy often causes flu-like symptoms as a common side effect. Patients should be aware of this and encouraged to report any adverse effects promptly. Understanding the potential side effects enhances patient adherence and allows for timely interventions if needed. Correct Answer: C) The potential for flu-like symptoms as a side effect
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NCLEX Review: Multiple Sclerosis Disease Treatments
A 45-year-old patient with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) is scheduled for physical therapy. What goal should the nurse prioritize for this patient’s rehabilitation?
A) Restoring muscle strength and coordination
B) Achieving complete independence in ADLs
C) Eliminating all pain associated with MS
D) Preventing further progression of the disease
E) Normalizing cognitive function
Rationale: Physical therapy goals for patients with MS often focus on maintaining or restoring muscle strength and coordination. This helps improve mobility and functional abilities. While other goals are important, addressing the physical aspects of MS enhances the patient’s overall quality of life and functional independence. Correct Answer: A) Restoring muscle strength and coordination
Understanding Multiple Sclerosis: NCLEX Priority Questions
A 34-year-old patient with multiple sclerosis (MS) presents with sudden vision changes and pain upon eye movement. The nurse suspects optic neuritis. What intervention should the nurse prioritize?
A) Administering an antiemetic for nausea relief
B) Initiating intravenous corticosteroid therapy
C) Recommending eye exercises for visual improvement
D) Scheduling a neurology consultation for next week
E) Advising the patient to use over-the-counter eye drops
Rationale: Optic neuritis is a common manifestation of MS, and corticosteroid therapy is the standard treatment to reduce inflammation and promote recovery. Administering corticosteroids promptly is crucial to minimize damage to the optic nerve and improve visual outcomes. Correct Answer: B) Initiating intravenous corticosteroid therapy
Understanding Multiple Sclerosis: NCLEX Delegation Questions
A 40-year-old patient with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is prescribed disease-modifying therapy. The patient expresses concerns about the potential side effects. What information should the nurse provide?
A) Assure the patient that no side effects are expected with this medication
B) Discuss the possibility of mild, short-term side effects
C) Emphasize the likelihood of severe and long-lasting side effects
D) Advise the patient to discontinue the medication if any side effects occur
E) Recommend herbal supplements to counteract side effects
Rationale: Disease-modifying therapies may cause side effects, but most are mild and short-term. Providing realistic expectations helps alleviate patient anxiety and improves adherence. Open communication allows the patient to report any concerns promptly. Correct Answer: B) Discuss the possibility of mild, short-term side effects
Understanding Multiple Sclerosis: Causes and Symptoms
A 50-year-old patient with multiple sclerosis experiences fatigue and difficulty sleeping. The nurse is developing a care plan. What intervention should be included to address these symptoms?
A) Encouraging the patient to engage in vigorous exercise daily
B) Administering a sedative at bedtime to promote sleep
C) Educating the patient on the importance of caffeine intake
D) Scheduling regular naps throughout the day
E) Implementing energy conservation strategies
Rationale: Fatigue and sleep disturbances are common in MS. Implementing energy conservation strategies, such as pacing activities, prioritizing tasks, and taking breaks, can help manage fatigue. It is essential to promote restful sleep without relying on sedatives, as quality sleep contributes to overall well-being for individuals with MS. Correct Answer: E) Implementing energy conservation strategies
NCLEX Practice Questions: Understanding Multiple Sclerosis Causes and Symptoms
A 30-year-old patient newly diagnosed with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is started on immunomodulatory therapy. The patient expresses concern about the potential risks and benefits of the medication. What should the nurse prioritize in the education plan?
A) Discussing the possibility of complete remission with the therapy
B) Emphasizing the need for a high-sodium diet during treatment
C) Explaining the risk of permanent disability without the medication
D) Advising the patient to discontinue the medication if side effects occur
E) Recommending alternative therapies such as herbal supplements
Rationale: Education on the potential consequences of untreated RRMS is crucial for promoting patient adherence to prescribed medications. Understanding the risks of permanent disability without treatment may motivate the patient to adhere to the prescribed immunomodulatory therapy, which aims to reduce the frequency and severity of relapses. Correct Answer: C) Explaining the risk of permanent disability without the medication
NCLEX Questions: Focus on Medications for Multiple Sclerosis
A 35-year-old patient with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) is experiencing significant mobility challenges. The nurse is planning interventions to improve the patient’s mobility. What strategy should be prioritized?
A) Administering muscle relaxants for increased flexibility
B) Encouraging the patient to engage in high-impact aerobic exercises
C) Recommending assistive devices and adaptive aids
D) Scheduling daily sessions of deep tissue massage
E) Advising the patient to avoid all physical activities
Rationale: In SPMS, mobility challenges are common, and the use of assistive devices can enhance independence and safety. Recommending appropriate devices, such as canes or walkers, supports the patient in maintaining mobility and performing daily activities. Encouraging physical activity is important, but it should be tailored to the patient’s abilities and accompanied by the use of assistive aids. Correct Answer: C) Recommending assistive devices and adaptive aids
NCLEX Focus Exploring Multiple Sclerosis: Causes and Diagnosis
A 45-year-old patient with multiple sclerosis is scheduled for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to monitor disease progression. The patient is anxious about the procedure. What should the nurse do to address the patient’s anxiety? A) Administering a sedative before the MRI B) Recommending avoidance of the MRI C) Providing information about the MRI process D) Encouraging the patient to skip the imaging E) Suggesting alternative imaging techniques
Rationale: Patient education and communication are essential in addressing anxiety related to medical procedures. Providing information about the MRI process, including what to expect and how it helps in monitoring disease progression, can alleviate anxiety. Administering a sedative might be an option, but it’s important to empower the patient with knowledge and ensure informed decision-making. Correct Answer: C) Providing information about the MRI process
A 28-year-old patient with multiple sclerosis is experiencing chronic pain as a result of spasticity. The nurse is developing a pain management plan. What intervention should be included in the plan?
A) Administering opioid analgesics on a scheduled basis
B) Recommending complete bed rest to minimize pain
C) Encouraging the patient to ignore the pain
D) Implementing a routine stretching and exercise program
E) Applying heat packs continuously to the affected areas
Rationale: Chronic pain associated with spasticity in MS can be effectively managed through non-pharmacological interventions, such as stretching and exercise programs. Opioid analgesics may have adverse effects and are not the primary choice for MS-related pain. Movement and exercise help improve muscle flexibility and reduce spasticity, contributing to overall pain management and enhancing the patient’s quality of life. Correct Answer: D) Implementing a routine stretching and exercise program
